COVID

Jan 22, 2024

Por Jim Wappes, Universidade de Minnesota, 2 de janeiro de 2023

Uma análise de amostras de tecido autopsiadas de 44 indivíduos que faleceram com COVID-19 revelou que o vírus SAR-CoV-2 se espalhou por todo o corpo, incluindo o cérebro, e persistiu por quase 8 meses.

An analysis of tissue samples from the autopsies of 44 people who died with COVID-19First identified in 2019 in Wuhan, China, COVID-19, or Coronavirus disease 2019, (which was originally called "2019 novel coronavirus" or 2019-nCoV) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It has spread globally, resulting in the 2019–22 coronavirus pandemic." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]">COVID-19 shows that SAR-CoV-2 virusA virus is a tiny infectious agent that is not considered a living organism. It consists of genetic material, either DNA or RNA, that is surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid. Some viruses also have an outer envelope made up of lipids that surrounds the capsid. Viruses can infect a wide range of organisms, including humans, animals, plants, and even bacteria. They rely on host cells to replicate and multiply, hijacking the cell's machinery to make copies of themselves. This process can cause damage to the host cell and lead to various diseases, ranging from mild to severe. Common viral infections include the flu, colds, HIV, and COVID-19. Vaccines and antiviral medications can help prevent and treat viral infections." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]"> o vírus se espalhou por todo o corpo - inclusive no cérebro - e durou quase 8 meses. O estudo foi publicado em 14 de dezembro na revista Nature.

Scientists from the National Institutes of HealthThe National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research. Founded in 1887, it is a part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The NIH conducts its own scientific research through its Intramural Research Program (IRP) and provides major biomedical research funding to non-NIH research facilities through its Extramural Research Program. With 27 different institutes and centers under its umbrella, the NIH covers a broad spectrum of health-related research, including specific diseases, population health, clinical research, and fundamental biological processes. Its mission is to seek fundamental knowledge about the nature and behavior of living systems and the application of that knowledge to enhance health, lengthen life, and reduce illness and disability." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]">Os Institutos Nacionais de Saúde (NIH) testaram amostras de autópsias realizadas de abril de 2020 a março de 2021. Eles realizaram ampla amostragem do sistema nervoso, incluindo o cérebro, em 11 dos pacientes.

All of the patients died with COVID-19, and none were vaccinated. The blood plasmaPlasma is one of the four fundamental states of matter, along with solid, liquid, and gas. It is an ionized gas consisting of positive ions and free electrons. It was first described by chemist Irving Langmuir in the 1920s." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]">plasma of 38 patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the official name of the virus strain that causes coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Previous to this name being adopted, it was commonly referred to as the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), the Wuhan coronavirus, or the Wuhan virus." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]"SARS-CoV-2, 3 tested negative, and plasma was unavailable for the other 3./p>

Analysis showed that SARS-CoV-2, as expected, primarily infected and damaged airway and lung tissue. But the researchers also found viral RNARibonucleic acid (RNA) is a polymeric molecule similar to DNA that is essential in various biological roles in coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes. Both are nucleic acids, but unlike DNA, RNA is single-stranded. An RNA strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (ribose) and phosphate groups. Attached to each sugar is one of four bases—adenine (A), uracil (U), cytosine (C), or guanine (G). Different types of RNA exist in the cell: messenger RNA (mRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), and transfer RNA (tRNA)." data-gt-translate-attributes="[{"attribute":"data-cmtooltip", "format":"html"}]"RNA in 84 distinct body locations and bodily fluids, and in one case they isolated viral RNA 230 days after a patient's symptoms began./p>